Counselor Quick Reference
Personality testing (objective & projective), and disorder-specific clinical assessments spanning depression/bipolar, anxiety, eating disorders, OCD-related, neurodevelopmental, and psychotic disorders — from Textbook Ch. 10. No matching lecture module exists yet, so this is textbook-only. This chapter names roughly 50 instruments; this page groups them by category rather than listing all of them individually — see the full quiz for broader per-instrument coverage.
10
Clinical Assessments and Personality Testing
Objective personality tests · projective techniques · depression/bipolar, anxiety, eating disorder, OCD, neurodevelopmental & psychotic-disorder assessments
Glossary
- Objective personality assessment
- Standardized administration/scoring not dependent on who gives the test — e.g., MMPI-3, MCMI-IV, MBTI, NEO-PI-3.
- Subjective (projective) assessment
- Relies on the administrator's interpretation of a client's response to ambiguous stimuli — e.g., Rorschach, TAT, sandtray.
- Projective technique
- Presents ambiguous stimuli so unconscious material surfaces in the client's interpretation, without the client necessarily knowing what's being measured.
- Base rate score (MCMI-IV)
- 60 = median; a score over 74 signals a personality style, disorder, or syndrome.
- Five Factor Model / "Big Five"
- Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness — measured by the NEO-PI-3.
- Response bias
- A recurring limitation across nearly every self-report instrument in this chapter — a reason to combine self-report with other assessment sources.
Frameworks & models
Personality — objective instruments
- MMPI-3 — 335 items, 52 scales, True/False (MMPI-A for ages 14–18)
- MCMI-IV — Millon's theory; 5 validity + 15 personality + 10 clinical-syndrome scales; base rate 60/74
- MBTI — Jung-based; 4 dichotomies (E-I, S-N, T-F, J-P) → 16 types
- NEO-PI-3 — Five Factor Model; T-scores; 30 facets
- 16PF, CPI, PAI, TSCS — broad personality/self-concept measures (Table 10.1)
Projective techniques — 5 groups (Table 10.3)
- Association — Word Association, Rorschach
- Construction — TAT, Draw-a-Person
- Completion — RISB, Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration
- Arrangement — Sandtray, Tomkins-Horn Picture Arrangement
- Drawing/Expression — KHTP, Kinetic Family Drawings, DAP
Named projective instruments
- Rorschach — 10 inkblots; scored on location, determinant, content, form quality, popular; called "controversial" (Garb et al., 2005)
- TAT — ≈31 cards (sources vary 31–32), 8+ administered; Murray & Morgan, Harvard, 1930s
- RISB — 40 incomplete sentences, 3 age forms, scored 0–6
- Sandtray — arrangement; trauma/grief work
- KHTP — draws house+tree+person; adapted from Buck's HTP
Depression & bipolar (Table 10.4)
- BDI(-II) — 21 items, past-2-weeks, most common depression measure
- PHQ-9 — 9 items, includes a suicidal-ideation item, primary-care friendly
- GDS — older adults, short (15) or long (30) form
- CES-D/CES-DC, CDRS — epidemiologic/child depression measures
- MDQ — self-report bipolar screener; YMRS — clinician-rated mania severity; HAM-D — clinician-rated depression; BSDS — self-report bipolar spectrum screener
DSM-5-TR names 7 distinct bipolar diagnoses.
Anxiety (Table 10.5)
- GAD-7 — 7 items; most common anxiety measure; also validated for panic/social anxiety
- BAI — 21 items, adults/adolescents
- STAI(-CH) — distinguishes state vs. trait anxiety
- SPIN — social anxiety specifically
- SCARED — children/adolescents, 41 items
Eating disorders (Table 10.6)
- EDI-3 — 91 items, broadest trait coverage
- EAT-26 — 26 items, quick screener
- EDE-Q — 28 items, dietary restraint/shape/binge concerns
- ChEAT — child/adolescent version of EAT-26
- PARDI — interview-based; Pica, ARFID, Rumination Disorder specifically
NEDA: eating disorders aren't caused by any one single factor — watch for your own bias about who "looks like" they have one.
OCD & related (Table 10.7)
- Y-BOCS — most widely used OCD severity scale + symptom checklist
- OCI-R — 18 items, OC symptoms/distress
- SIR — hoarding behavior specifically
- BDD-SS — body dysmorphic disorder specifically
Neurodevelopmental (Table 10.8)
- ADHD-RS-5, Conners, Vanderbilt — ADHD (Vanderbilt also screens ODD/anxiety/depression)
- ADOS-2 — autism; domains: Social Affect (combining social interaction and communication) + Restricted/Repetitive Behaviors
- CARS-2 — autism severity, children only
- PPVT — receptive vocabulary; DBC — emotional/behavioral challenges in IDD
No single medical test can diagnose ASD — always a combination approach.
Psychotic & miscellaneous (Table 10.9)
- SCID — comprehensive diagnostic interview for psychotic + co-occurring disorders
- WHO-5 — general well-being; SCL-90-R / BSI — broad psychological distress
- CBCL — parent-rated child/adolescent behavior; ICP — common life problems
- DASS(-42/-21) — depression, anxiety, and stress in one instrument
Clinical checkpoints
- Distinguish objective (standardized scoring, e.g. MMPI-3/MCMI-IV/MBTI/NEO-PI-3) from subjective/projective (administrator-interpreted, e.g. Rorschach/TAT/sandtray) before picking a personality tool
- Match the disorder-specific table to the presenting concern — depression/bipolar, anxiety, eating disorders, OCD-related, neurodevelopmental, or psychotic — rather than reaching for a generic instrument
- Treat "self-report may be subject to response bias" as a chapter-wide theme, not a one-off caveat — pair self-report tools with other sources when possible
- Don't overwhelm a client with unnecessary testing — this caution repeats at least twice in the chapter for a reason
- Remember there's no single medical test for ASD and no single universal Rorschach scoring system (Exner's Comprehensive System is the most standardized; R-PAS is a newer alternative) — both require a combination of methods/judgment, not one instrument alone
- Watch for your own bias about who "looks like" they have an eating disorder — NEDA's point is that these disorders cut across populations
No lecture pairing yet. Like the Ch. 8 and Ch. 9 pages, there's no class-notes module for this chapter yet — everything here is textbook-only. If a matching lecture module shows up later, this page should get a matching update the way the M4 page did for Ch. 4.
This sheet is for fast recall, not citations. With ~50 named instruments in one chapter, this page groups rather than exhaustively lists every one — check the full quiz (37 questions, 100% heading/exam-flag coverage) or the textbook chapter directly before quoting any specific instrument fact, item count, or citation year in graded work.